A lipoma is a fatty tumor located just below the skin.It isn't cancer and is usually harmless. A lipoma is a slow-growing, fatty lump that's most often situated between your skin and the underlying muscle layer. A lipoma, which feels doughy and usually isn't tender, moves readily with slight finger pressure. 

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What is a lipoma?

A lipoma is a slow-growing, fatty lump that's most often situated between your skin and the underlying muscle layer. A lipoma, which feels doughy and usually isn't tender, moves readily with slight finger pressure. Lipomas are usually detected in middle age. Some people have more than one lipoma.

A lipoma isn't cancer and usually is harmless. Treatment generally isn't necessary, but if the lipoma bothers you, is painful or is growing, you may want to have it removed.

Why do lipomas form?

Lipomas often show up after an injury, though doctors don't know whether that's what makes them form. Inherited conditions can bring them on. Some people who have a rare condition known as Madelung's disease can get them. This most often affects men of Mediterranean ancestry who have alcohol use disorder.

Types of lipoma

Ø  Angiolipoma: This type contains fat and blood vessels.

Ø  Conventional: The most common type, a conventional lipoma contains white fat cells.

Ø  Fibrolipoma: Fat and fibrous tissue make up this type of lipoma.

Ø  Hibernoma: This kind of lipoma contains brown fat.

Causes of lipoma

• - Obesity.
• - High Cholesterol.
• - Diabetes.
• - Liver Disease.
• - Glucose intolerance.

Symptoms of lipoma

• - Situated just under the skin. They commonly occur in the neck, shoulders, back, abdomen, arms and thighs.
• - Soft and doughy to the touch. They also move easily with slight finger pressure.
• - Generally small. Lipomas are typically less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) in diameter, but they can grow.
• - Sometimes painful. Lipomas can be painful if they grow and press on nearby nerves or if they contain many blood vessels.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis by doctor

To diagnose a lipoma, your doctor may perform: A physical exam. A tissue sample removal (biopsy) for lab examination. An X-ray or other imaging test, such as an MRI or CT scan, if the lipoma is large, has unusual features or appears to be deeper than the fatty.

Tests

• - A physical exam.
• - A tissue sample removal (biopsy) for lab examination.
• - An X-ray or other imaging test, such as an MRI or CT scan, if the lipoma is large, has unusual features or appears to be deeper than the fatty.

Self-diagnosis

The self-diagnosis of lipoma can be done if you are aware of the symptoms it exhibits. For instance, you can start by touching the lump and seeing whether it moves or not. Lipoma can be very small and large in size. And it grows very slowly without causing any kind of pain or discomfort. Usually, that’s who a person will narrow down if the skin lump is lipoma or not. 

However, this is not an appropriate way to diagnose lipomas. Though the physical symptoms will give you an idea, still there is no assurance that the lump is not some other kind of cyst or liposarcoma. 

To rule out the possibility that the skin lump is not cancerous and doesn’t pose a threat to your health, it is advisable that you visit a skin specialist or a plastic surgeon who understands the condition and knows how to manage and treat it. 

Severity

As lipomas are not life-threatening, they are not considered a serious health problem. But they can become severe in the following cases:

• - Size- If lipoma continues growing, it can become even bigger than 5 cm and 6 inches wide. Such lipomas negatively affect the aesthetic appearance of the individual and lead to self-consciousness. 
• - Pain– In normal conditions, a lipoma won’t hurt. However, if it grows large, the accumulated fat tissues may become heavy and start compressing the blood vessels underneath the skin. 
• - Number– Another scenario where lipomas are considered severe is when multiple lipomas grow on different parts of the body at the same time.